High Drop Out from School Among Girls in Tanzania Essay

Education enables girls to make their own decisions and to influence their families positively. Education saves and improves the lives of girls and women. It allows them greater control of their lives and provides them with skills to contribute to their societies. UNICEF (2004) report indicates that girls’ education leads to more equitable development, stronger families, better services, better child health and effective participation in governance. Despite the obvious benefits of Education to national development, research findings indicate that girls’ dropout rate from school is higher than that of boys. It observed that Tanzanian girls, for various reasons bordering on religious, cultural, socio-economic and school related factors, are not given a fair chance in the educational sector. In Tanzania, about 7. 3 million children do not go to school, of which 62% are girls (UNICEF 2004). The same UNICEF report indicates that girls’ primary school completion rate is far behind that of boys, at 76% compared with 85% for boys. This gender gap means that millions more girls than boys are dropping out of school each year. This goes to show that the majority of children not in school are girls. Mohammed (2004) equally reported that a girl may be withdrawn from school if a good marriage prospect arises. Early marriage is a sociocultural factor that hinders the girl child’s access to school. Some parents, in an attempt to protect their teenage daughters, give them out to wealthy old friends. Some of these girls who attempt to escape from such forced marriages end up in disaster. Alika and Egbochuku (2009) found that the socio-economic status of the girls imposes considerable constraints upon their continuing stay in school. In fact, they asserted that a girl’s particular socio-economic inheritance may have a direct and important effect on educational attainment. The Problem Education, which is the right of every child, is a mirage in the lives of some Tanzanian girls because some of them are forced into early marriage as from age 12. Poverty has been known to force most parents to withdraw their children from school UNICEF (2004) report indicates that some 121 million children are out of school for various reasons and 65 million of them are girls. With the educational rights of 65 million girls unmet, something should be done to ensure that they complete their education. The same report indicates that Tanzania is one of the 25 developing countries of the world with low enrolment rates for girls, gender gap of more than 10% in primary education and with more than 1 million girls out of school. This is a problem that requires emergency action if the nation is to advance technologically, considering the multiplier and intergenerational benefits derivable in the education of the girl child. It is the aim of this study, therefore, to find out reasons why girls dropout of school in Tanzania and, consequently, based on the findings proffer counselling strategies that could be adopted in order to check the incidence of drop out from school among girls in Tanzania. Research Question  To guide this investigation, one research question will be formulated 1. What are the reasons for high dropping out of school by girls in Tanzania? The descriptive survey design will be adopted for this study. The study sought to determine the reasons for dropping out from school among girls in Tanzania. The population of the study will comprised all girls who dropped out of school and re-enrolled in schools in Tanzania. Four primary schools, four secondary schools and four skill acquisition centres will be used for the study. A stratified random sampling procedure will be adopted in selecting the secondary schools, on the basis of their status i. e. all girls’ schools and all co-educational schools. For the primary schools, the upper primary classes will be used for the study while for the skill acquisition centres, two government skill acquisition centres, one nongovernmental skill centre and one private skill centre will be used for the study. The research instrument used will be a checklist on reasons for dropping out of school.

Impact Of Offshore Exploration And Exploitation Environmental Sciences Essay

Literally called stone oil, Petroleum is a Grecian word for petra significance stone and oleum significance oil. The Concise Oxford English Dictionary defines it as of course happening flammable liquid consisting of a complex mixture of hydrocarbons of different molecular weights and other liquid organic compounds, which are found in geologic formations beneath the Earth ‘s surface. This formation beneath the Earth frequently takes topographic point over a long period of clip, say eons. It originates from the remains of antediluvian workss and animate beings ( zooplanktons and algae ) that were buried and compressed beneath 1000s of pess of claies, stones and littorals. Through the interaction of certain geologic conditions, these organic stuffs are so transformed by subsurface heat and overburden force per unit area into hydrocarbon compounds we is called crude oil ( rough oil and natural gas ) . For many centuries, crude oil resources and its byproducts have been discovered and used for assorted human activities. In the modern epoch, these resources are sought and exploited from locations that are more hard and risky to entree, including the offshore. Resources deposited in the offshore countries are no different from those found onshore as they contain the same sort of hydrocarbon substances. For illustration, a signifier of natural gas called gas hydrate is available both offshore and onshore but seaward resources are of greater involvement because of their volume and potency for future large-scale development. The ground for this increased and outstanding involvement in offshore crude oil geographic expedition and development in this present century is that many onshore crude oil resources have either been exhausted, are no longer economically executable, or are unable to be to the full developed due to limitations of national ownership or geopolitical jobs. This notwithstanding, the value of energy-rich crude oil in all of its signifiers lies in the many merchandises that can be made from it and the importance of their utilizations. Crude oil, natural gas and other hydrocarbon compounds are the bases of the fuel merchandises that are indispensable for modern manners of transit, which are preponderantly fuelled by motor gasolene, jet fuel, and Diesel fuel. Petroleum besides provides fuels for warming, industrial fabrication procedures, and the coevals of electricity. Petroleum resources can besides be converted into petrochemicals and its derived functions such as plastics, pharmaceutical ingredients and edifice stuffs, which represent other parts of the petroleum-source market. Economically, demand and supply factors drive the investings and operations that the crude oil industry makes in researching and working crude oil resources. With high crude oil monetary values in the market, the industry can afford to bring forth resources that might otherwise be uneconomic and can put in new engineerings to make resources that would otherwise be unavailable. When crude oil monetary values in the market are low, even proved militias may non be produced because the cost of development and production would non let any net income for operators. Since crude oil resources define modern trade forms, excite both international selling and the possible for war, the force per unit area to spread out resource development to the offshore countries is inevitable as this will relieve the jobs of increased planetary demand for crude oil and its byproducts, reduced supplies onshore and buffer the current lifting addition in merchandises monetary values.POTENTIAL IMPACTSFor decennaries, our oceans were protected from offshore oil boring but with the increased demand for crude oil resources globally and depletion of same onshore, attending has shifted to the offshore environment. In 2008 for case, former American president Bush, lifted a White House moratorium on offshore boring and the Congress subsequently followed by leting a Federal prohibition on boring to run out. In March 2010, the Obama disposal indicated that they would besides potentially allow boring along several once protected coastlines, mid- and south Atlantic seashore and in the eastern Gulf of Mexico. Barely had that been agreed upon, the black deepwater skyline oil boring runaway in April of 2010 came. This released about 200 million gallons of oil into the Gulf of Mexico ; fouled beaches and coastal wetlands from Louisiana to Florida ; killed birds, fishes and marine mammals ; and devastated the diversion and fishing-based economic systems of the Gulf provinces ( Ref ) . Fortunately, these hideous developments caused the Obama disposal to revoke on its earlier class and on December 1, 2012 it was announced that the East and West seashores every bit good as the eastern Gulf be continuously protected from offshore boring. Despite this recent event in the Gulf of Mexico, the oil industry and others affiliated to the industry are still clamoring for the continuance of seaward oil boring. This enlargement of development offshore, will non be without the attendant effects that the resource geographic expedition and development will hold on the Marine environment, the life signifiers that live therein and the worlds at big.BackgroundThis subheading will be a elaborate penetration into the seaward oilfield platform where the research will be carried out. It will state the twelvemonth of the oilfield ‘s find, the block or blocks where the resource is found, the existent location of the oilfield in kilometers north, E, West or South in relation to other environing oilfields and/or countries ; and the H2O deepness ( TVDSS ) at which the resource is located. Other parametric quantities will include the oilfield ‘s geologic age ( Mesozoic, Middle Jurassic or Cenozoic etc ) , the reservoir type ( sandstone or shale ) , the estimated militias ( STOIIP in MMstb unit ) and recoverable sums of militias. It will depict the seismal activity that led to the formation of t he field, the extent to which the field has been developed, grade of complexness of geological fault and its attendant construction. The quality of the reservoir, the formations with the most productive intervals or dramas, its temperature, force per unit area ( and likely force per unit area at which depletion is expected ) . The belongingss of the reserve- API gravitation in ( 0 ) , GOR in ( scf/bbl ) will besides be provided. With the increased force per unit area to beginning for options to onshore oil resources offshore, the appraisal of the inauspicious impacts of the quest for crude oil and it derivatives to run into planetary demand raises a batch of concerns such as: Environmental sensitiveness and hazards to marine ecosystems Lack of scientific discipline on marine ecosystem as this is a field with really limited certification sing geographic expedition Built-in hazard of deepwater boring Inadequate resources for regulative inadvertence Unproved oil spill response There are serious environmental impact associated with each phase of seaward boring from geographic expedition ( location and find ) to development ( boring and production ) and marine transit. While some impacts may be unseeable to the bare eyes, there are a myriad of impacts and environmental branchings that the public must cognize about before sing offshore boring. ; and eventually the ultimate effects it will hold on the opportunities of working other marine resources that will hold small or no negative effects on the environment, the marine beings and worlds.AIMS AND OBJECTIVESBy analysis of H2O samples utilizing — — — — – setup, observation of marine life signifiers and deposits analysis for oozes of hydrocarbons in them utilizing — — — — — – equipment, this survey will: 1. Outline possible impacts of offshore crude oil geographic expedition and development 2. Chase away the legion myths that have been put forth by oil boring advocates. 3. Suggests options that will accomplish energy independency from fossil fuel 4. Analyze the effects of seaward oil boring on the opportunities of working other marine resources that will hold small or no negative effects on the Marine environment, marine beings and worlds.ActivitiesTo ease this survey and accomplish the set aims, the undermentioned activities will be carried out: Available literature on the effects of seaward oil boring will be extensively reviewed. This will organize a footing for this research Qualitative modeling to measure the direct impact of each phase of oil boring on the marine ecosystem and coastal countries Exploration of possible options to fossil fuels with really small or no hurtful effects on the environment.MethodThe information ( where available ) , samples of H2O and may be life signifiers that will be observed during this survey will be sourced from — — — — — — offshore platforms located at — — — — — — — . Besides, peoples ‘ single sentiments will be sought to find the extent to which offshore geographic expedition affects them. If decently done, this rating will be a valuable tool for avoiding possible environmental and aquatic jeopardies occasioned by ceaseless development offshore. These methods may alter depending on when this surveies will get down and the development of more powerful tools and techniques that will be more efficient, give truth and lucidity of consequences ; and besides be cost effectual.EXPECTED OUTPUTSThe universe ‘s oceans and beaches are critical recreational, economic and ecological hoarded wealths that will be polluted by an addition in offshore crude oil boring. Alternatively of recommending for transient and environmentally less harmful ways to run into the planetary demand for oil, we should seek a comprehensive and environmentally sustainable energy program that will include energy preservation and may be fuel efficiency if we must utilize fossil fuel. After the purposes and objectives that this survey sets out to accomplish has been attained, it is expected that the consequences obtained and observations made will: 1. Deter crude oil industry ‘s participants and their affiliates from offshore development. 2. Cause us to look towards developing sustainable energy solutions that includes renewable beginnings and preservation that will protect our natural resources, instead than boring for fossil fuels off our oceans. 3. Cause us to ablactate ourselves off the over-dependence on oil to salvage our environment and cut down the worsening consequence of clime alteration. 4. Save and protect our coastlines from industrialisation. 5. Chase away the assorted myths that advocates of seaward development are invariably seeking to jostle down our pharynxs. 6. Promote a rush in the figure of ocean protection protagonists.RestrictionSince the informations to be used for this work were non generated personally, some degrees of uncertainness as to the truth of the work exist. Problemn, may originate during sample Problems with package use may originate if tutorial is non given.Duration OF PROJECTAll things being equal, research undertaking continuance is expected to cross a period of three old ages, between the beginning of the work and entry of bound study. A Gantt chart, ( an illustration is shown below ) will be used to demo a dislocation of what and when an activity will be carried out. An activity, whenever completed will be struck off to give lucidity to works yet to be done.UndertakingDurationApr.MayJun.Jul.Aug.Sept.Oct.NovResearch Definition/Proposal Submission 5 hebdomadsAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAInterim presentation/proposal defense mechanism 1 twenty-four hoursAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAALiterature research and background surveies 4 hebdomadsAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAPetrel G & A ; G tutorial 1 hebdomadAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAModelling/ analyses utilizing package 3 hebdomadsAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAQuantitative modelling/ design surveies 2 hebdomadsAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAACompilation/ presentation of patterning consequences to supervisor 1 hebdomadsAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAWrite-up 3 hebdomadsAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAASubmission of bill of exchange for cogent evidence reading/supervisor ‘s sign-off 2 yearssAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAlteration of study 2 hebdomadsAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAApproval/submission of concluding study 3 yearssAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAPresentation and oral session 1 hebdomadAAAAAAAATable 1: Example of a typical Gnatt ChartSummaryOffshore oil boring and oil spills have the possible to critically impact pristine Marine ecosystems. While there are legion environmental jobs associated with oil boring, there are besides negative economic impacts that we merely can non afford during difficult economic times. It is imperative that we switch off from an old mentality of trusting on fossil fuels. Climate alteration and other environmental jobs are non waiting for us to reconstruct our energy portfolio. Oil boring and continued usage of fossil fuels will merely worsen clime alteration, and maintain us trapped in a backward frame of head which overlooks sustainable energy and preservation. New offshore boring is non portion of the reply to sustainable energy instead the replies for sustainable energy is already gazing us right in the face. At the completion of this survey, recommendations will be suggested that will restrict or wholly extinguish the impacts of offshore geographic expedition and development.

Boundaryless Organizations

In deciding issues such a distribution of authority, reporting relationships, span of control and centralization/decentralization, the structure of the organization will result. It is worth noting that the current tendency is to move to flatter organization having fewer hierarchical levels and more flexible reporting arrangements. This is what a boundaryless organization is about. As a different view of organizational structure, it is not defined by, or limited to, the boundaries imposed by a predefined structure. Boundaries in this context can be external and internal in nature.Internal boundaries are horizontal boundaries imposed by work specialization and departmentalization and vertical boundaries that separate employees into organizational levels and hierarchies. The external boundaries are those that separate the organization from its customers, suppliers, and other stakeholders. The boundaryless organization breaks down the artificial boundaries created by a design such as dep artmentalization and hierarchies, and the external boundaries separating the organization from its suppliers, customers and other stakeholders.General Electric’s former chairman, Jack Welch, coined the term boundaryless organization to describe is idea of what he wanted GE to become (Ashkenas, Ulrich, Jick and Kerr (1995). It has been called by different names since: the 21st century network organization, modular corporation, the new corporate model, the new corporate architecture or virtual corporation, to name a few. And because it relies heavily on information technology, some have turned to calling this structure the T-form (or technology-based) organization.Industries and Organizations Suitable for a Boundaryless Organizational Structure From its foundation, more than one hundred years ago, the learning of organizations has rested on a single conjecture: that there is and/or should be a sole ‘right’ structure of organization. This ‘one-size-fits-allâ⠂¬â„¢ thought still keeps on until today. What is offered as the ‘one right’ business structure has altered on more than one occasion, but the exploration for the one-size-fitting-all organizations continues these days.Probably the most suitable organization for a boundaryless organizational structure is manufacturing companies which operate on a global scale. However, it may be noted that no one structure meets all the business requirements under all conditions. It is always important to periodically evaluate the organization structure to determine whether it is still appropriate to the changing needs. The decision maker should list the strengths and weaknesses of each structural alternative and also develop business priorities for attributes such as cycle-time reduction or scale/scope of manufacturing, etc.Then the choice of structure can be made to meet the top priorities. Advantages In recent years, many organizations have attempted to become more boundaryless by ma intaining flatter structures and allowing a more free flow of communication and influence with customers and suppliers. As an example, a boundaryless organization might encourage the contracting of services across functional or product-line boundaries. With such contracting comes closer contact and natural development of customer-supplier relationships between previously separated groups.One specific example increasingly common in recent years involves the contracting of human resource services between an HR department and other units of an organization. The boundaryless organization aims to do away with pecking order, have unlimited span of control, and substitute units with empowered teams. The breaking down of boundaries between an organization and its external customers has also caused those customers to take a more active role toward the organization and its management.For example, in service settings that have adopted boundaryless orientations, external customers increasingly become more involved in the design and delivery of the company’s HRM practices. By taking away vertical boundaries, the management evens out the chain of command. Status and rank are minimized and becomes flexible and responsive. Another advantage is that it dissolves temporal, geographical, hierarchical, legal and economic boundaries.The extent to which an organization has attempted to reshape its boundaries structurally toward boundarylessness coincides with the appropriateness of 360 ° degree feedback. For example, a flatter structure would increase the need for upward appraisals and feedback, as managers attempt to gauge the effectiveness of their leadership behaviors. Disadvantages Any discussion of the benefits or transcendence of the boundaryless organization should, however, consider the limitations and disadvantages of this new structure.These may include lack of control due to the increase in its span, communication difficulties due to personality and cultural dif ferences, stifling of innovation, ambiguities in the nature of relationships, asymmetric commitment, conflict in control, loss of autonomy and security, time lags, managing complexity, structural constraints, narrow managerial perspectives, manipulation and ulterior motives, mismatched or incomplete knowledge and competence, increased dependencies and so on. Also, the fact that people are motivated by different things and in different ways is something that managers are constantly conscious of.Thus, there are times when delayering and the flattening of hierarchies can create insecurity and lower staff morale (Peters, 1992). During the process, employees usually feel that they are being stripped off their responsibilities, interpreting it as lack of trust on the part of the management. Creating a Boundaryless Organization Picot, Reichwald and Wigand (2008) observed that there have been copious cases of businesses delayering their organizational structures in recent years. According t o advocates of the structure, one of the most effective ways of building responsiveness into organizations is to eliminate layers of management.The benefits gained from delayering could be fully realized only through a number of significant accompanying organizational changes. Looking more into internal training to meet the firms’ needs, citing cost pressures to cut back on spending for occupational training and outsourcing, which pushes the costs of training lower down the supply chain, often onto small and medium size enterprises which are in no position to finance such training are a number of ways to overcoming any problems that the delayering process creates.The managers’ and leaders’ role into this process, since they are the management people coming in closest contact with the employees, is to communicate, consult and plan on the measures that need to be taken in order for the delayering process to become beneficial to the organization as a whole.Cross-hi erarchical teams (which includes top executives, middle managers, supervisors and operative employees), participative decision-making practices, and the use of 360-degrees performance appraisals (in which peers and others above and below the employee evaluate his or her performance) are examples of what a boundaryless organization should be doing to break down vertical boundaries. Conclusion Many factors have contributed to the rise of the boundaryless organization. One is the need to respond to rapidly changing, highly competitive global markets.Another factor is new technology, such as computers and telecommunications that permits organizations to work more effectively. Employees then have a vast amount of information at their fingertips through an intranet. This idea may sound odd, yet many of today’s most successful organizations are finding that they can operate more effectively in today’s environment by remaining flexible and unstructured: that the ideal structur e for them is not having a rigid, predefined structure.WORKS CITED Ashkenas, R. , Ulrich, D. , Jick, T. & Kerr, S. (1995). The Boundaryless Organization: Breaking the Chains of Organizational Structure. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Peters, T. (1992). Liberation Management: Necessary Disorganization for the Nanosecond Nineties. London: Macmillan Picot, A. , Reichwald, R. & Wigand, R. (2008). Information, Organization and Management. Berlin: Springer-Verlag.

BUSINESS ENVIRONMENTS AND PUBLIC POLICY Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

BUSINESS ENVIRONMENTS AND PUBLIC POLICY - Essay Example The company has a truly effective corporate social responsibility in the country. The Chief Executive Officer of the company, Mr. Penny, clearly states that a company does well when it does good-beneficiation (Goldsmith, Arthur 136). This has had a great impact in the growth of the country over time. De Beers Diamond Company believes in giving back to the society by contributing to the improvement of the living standards of the people of Botswana. This is seen through its commitment to better the infrastructure and superstructure of the country by building roads, hospitals as well as schools. The company has improved the social welfare of the Botswana people by implementing educative and awareness programs on health issues and most importantly on H.I.V and A.I.D.S. The company believes that helping the people of Botswana remain productive and live in better conditions will have a positive impact on its operations. In the economic aspect, the company has greatly boosted the countryâ⠂¬â„¢s economy. Its operations currently cater for one third of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of the country’s economy. Through the discovery of diamond in the country, the company has empowered the country to deviate from over reliance on the agricultural sector and has given it a competitive advantage in the diamond trade. Both the social and economic role go hand in hand. It is very had to separate the two as they are driven by similar factors. Through the economic gains reaped by the company from its operations, the benefits are able to contribute to economic growth, as well as foster, social development through the various projects. Through the economic role the company plays, the people are able to benefit from a more stable economic and this indirectly improves their standard of living. This is a perfect example of sound business practice. A company must be able to support its community, for whom it may not have existed. A business

Shawshank Redemption Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Shawshank Redemption - Essay Example Several scenes from the movie Shawshank Redemption give rise for ethical reflection. In the scene where Andy Dufresne (Tim Robbins) offered financial advice to Captain Hadley (Clancy Brown), Andy almost got himself killed trying to argue his point across. Eventually, Andy was able to secure his position among the guards and, also, his inmates by giving them a "night of freedom", drinking beers on the rooftop. Andy's "self-sacrifice" proves to be questionable based on Kant's Ethics on Good Will. According to Kant, an action can only be perceived as done in "good will" if the rational being has the right reasons behind his actions-the right reason being honor bound by duty to do the right thing when a person is in power to affect a change. Since the motive behind Andy's actions is questionable, the act is therefore, morally incorrect. On the other hand, from the virtue theorists' point of view, the nature of man is too complex to put an exact science upon. For them, the question of ethics relies heavily upon a man's character and since Andy Dufresne is dominantly good, he is bound to act morally and perform good deeds. This theory is further strengthened in the part where Andy helped a new inmate, Tommy Williams (Gil Bellows), gain his high school diploma in the In addition and, in sharp contrast against Kant's theory, ethical egoism allows for the

Data Collection and Funding for Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Data Collection and Funding for - Research Paper Example sampling will be stratified. The number of patients will be differentiated into different categories because this can enhance the focus on certain percentage of people who can show higher probability of lower medication errors. Medical cards and day-today reports can also be used as an effective tool to identify hypothesis readily. The reason behind using this tool is because it allows gaining valuable data within very short span of time. Considering the case of SSC and CMT in lowered medication error, this manner of data collection is likely to be proven as effective. There can be limitations underlying with the process because there are less instances of people making use of CMT (Green, 2010). It should also be noted that the above mentioned tools are basically provided by a medical institution as per consent granted by patient’s family or patient and organization. These medical records are highly sensitive and cannot be claimed without consent and copyrighted documentation for its utilization in the research work. As a matter of fact, the researcher shall approach the authorities and write application forms for the families as well as the administration of the medical organization. This will surely take some time for clearance but once the consent is received then it will be easier to carry on with the research work i.e. data analysis. There could be a number of health care institutions that can be approached considering the significance of the research. It is surely the need of research regarding SSC and CMT relationship in having increased number of awareness of communicable diseases. Other than medical institutions that are involved in the contribution of innovation and assessment of medical phenomenon, there are various committees that provide research funding. These funding institutions serve the goal of evaluating lack of literature (Dupin & Chupin, 2013). In particular, organizations that are basically involved

Dynamics of health Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Dynamics of health - Essay Example In this paper, the above mentioned topics are clearly emphasized and discussed by providing them examples and illustrations. Moreover, they are also presented as factors proving that the health of individual can directly be correlated to his or her social environment. Brunner & Marmot (2006) emphasized causes of diseases and other related illnesses to be socio-economic aspects, geographical locations, climate and culture. Furthermore, stress can be noted in the second chapter of their article as one of the major causes of diseases. The process of acquiring disease from stress sounds like everything started out personal or social and then finally turned out into a more biological issue as the body physically responded to physical situations. Stress is an output of an environmental challenge faced by humans (Brunner & Marmot, 2006). The social environment in which the human lives is a challenging environment to live in. This shows that humans are not ensured from not experiencing stress as a result of various challenges faced by the humanity through socio-economic aspects, geographical locations, climate and culture. Stress is usually defined as reaction of people to excessive demands or pressures while coping with tasks, responsibilities or other job-related pressures and in the long run, it can lead to heart disease and high blood pressure (Robertson, 2000). The effect of stress can be so challenging and somehow serious to the extent that they are detrimental to future human race. Research shows that stress can affect fetus while the mother was stressed during pregnancy (Ward, 2007). It is important to think about treatment when it comes to management of chronic illness or other diseases. Thus, it is also important to look at patients’ response to some health care programs underlying treatment and prevention of diseases. This is simply to say that patients’ response to some programs underlying treatment may vary according to their

Book of mark, matthew, luke and john Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Book of mark, matthew, luke and john - Essay Example The narrative exposition employed in the gospel of Mark began the tradition of the gospel(Burridge 2005). The Gospel of Matthew writes to a Jewish Christian audience and is predominantly concerned with portraying Jesus as a teacher who is greater than Moses (Brown 1997). The Gospel of Luke attempts to answer the question of whether Christians whose allegiance is the Kingdom of God able to stay loyal to the Roman Empire? The book of John is an exception that views the Messiah as a ‘Stranger from Heaven’ and is often called the spiritual gospel (Burridge 2005). This paper thus intends to explain the different targeted audiences of the four gospels and the messages they proclaim to the readers. The gospel of Mark was written by John Mark who dwelt in Jerusalem as revealed in the book of Acts 12:12(Burridge 2005). It was initially written in a bilingual set up that involved the Greek and the Aramaic languages. The author was influenced to write by the young Christian generation, also known as the Christians of the second generation or the young man(Burridge2005). John Mark wrote this book and addressed it to the Gentiles and the Roman leaders in Rome or probably in Syria or Decapolis. During this time, the Gentiles were young and new to the Christian faith. They knew very little of Christianity and the death of Jesus to save mankind. At the same time, there was an ongoing persecution by the ruling class on Christians and those who proclaimed the message of the Gospel. Many Christians were killed and forced to denounce their loyalty to God. Mark therefore wrote this book to encourage and harden the Christians at that time in their worship and proclaiming of God’s Kingdom(Burridge 2005). In the book, Mark reveals Jesus as a suffering servant of God who is ironically powerful. He reveals to the Romans and the Gentiles that Jesus taught with authority as asserted by the mighty miracles he

Product-Harm Crisis Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Product-Harm Crisis - Research Paper Example Product-harm crisis emerges when consumers and the general population publicize the negative effects of a given product in the market (Zhao, Zhao, & Helsen, 2011). Placing a product at the center of product-harm crisis follows the observation that it is either harmful to the consumer, or it fails to meet the required quality and standards of production. In other words, a defective product could spur a highly publicized debate over the underlying negative effects of using the product in question. Once the public becomes engaged in the issue, the affected business enterprise must work towards addressing the problem as well as restoring customer trust. In other instances, a product may not necessarily be defective but a crisis could still occur. Yannopoulu, Koronis, and Elliot (2011) note that product-harm crisis will emerge if the public debates potential product contamination or even reports harm emerging from the consumption or use of a questionable product. In other words, negative publicity is a recipe for product-harm crisis when a given product becomes questionable in terms of quality, standards of production, and the credibility of its benefits to consumers. Following product-harm crisis, voluntary of forced product recalls are highly likely to occur (Vassilikopoulou, Lepetsos, Siomkos, & Chatzipanagiotou, 2009). The affected company could make a proactive move and recall products in question, or the government could force the recall through relevant agencies. Factors and events leading to product-harm crisis are many and different. Both natural and human-driven factors could contribute to product-harm crisis. From a natural point of view, factors beyond the control of the company lead to the occurrence of product-harm crisis. Factors such as floods, earthquakes, mudslides, or volcanic activities are natural events that contribute to product-harm crisis. In essence, the crisis results from the view that the product or products in question fail to

MBNQA Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

MBNQA - Assignment Example This is by carrying out focus groups, gathering data from web users and analyzing trends of the call center. The Access Center established by AtlantiCare in 2006 is a good example of the benefits used in overcoming the challenges. The Center was established after a research conducted by a focus group stated that customers were frustrated when navigating and using the health care system (Duarte, Goodson & Dougherty, 2014, pg. 27). This effective approach resulted in AtlantiCare increasing its revenues, getting a high market share and increased satisfaction from their customers. Other organizations can learn that providing quality and constant improvement in the health care field is vital. These organizations need to make sure that their customers are well satisfied and served according to the needs they have. Moreover, offering effective healthcare is necessary. These organizations should realize that they need to improve community wellness and health by offering better services. Additionally, by training and recruiting well and qualified staff will enhance performance in these organizations as seen in AtlantiCare. Duarte, N. T., Goodson, J. R., & Dougherty, T. M. P. (2014). Managing innovation in hospitals and health systems: Lessons from the Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award Winners. International Journal of Healthcare Management, 7(1),

Normative ethics Essay Example for Free

Normative ethics Essay 1. Identify the facts that might give rise to ethical issues 2. Stakeholders that you would talk to in the task you are the chief ethics officer (CEO) describe company that you’re working in IT related. As a CEO, come out with guidelines about the ethical use according to the scenario 3. any laws (maltese laws), if the scenario is not covered in laws (use laws of an EU country or any country) 4. identify the ethical issues conflict between what it is that you’re supposed to be doing and what the law provides if there is no law, that doesn’t mean that it is in favour of the law Everything up till now should be OBJECTIVE nobody should assign any moral values to these issues. This isn’t an assignment about how you feel (not your opinion) wasting words. Draft guidelines about ethical issues focus on important guidelines 5. Define ethical theory ethical egoism, virtue ethics u emm ohra (do not use!! ) an umbrella theory many subdivisions or else choose between two main theories. Use your own words to describe the ethical theory 6. Start the analysis. Explain what sort of priority. Why is it an ethical issue. What the outcome should be and why that outcome (longest section) 7. Point 7 and 8. If you were doing these in the real world†¦adjust the rules after some time†¦. define consequences 8. How you will implement feedback loop Stick to steps given. Break essay into these sections. Scenario 1 read google agreements provide URL of terms and conditions privacy policy privacy and information lecture ethical issue EU has a position on it. Scenario 2 game AI your company has legal right to acquire that data come up with guidelines for collection of samples no. of companies providing information Scenario 3 google glass ex: when it is ethical when the glasses should be removed? when they sould be used? how? Come up with company doesn’t have to be IT related comply with laws guidelines for ethical issues facts: how many companies in malta use google cloud, where google stores its data? as long as the subject cannot be identified, it is ethical consequentialism.

6 Main Characteristics Of Communication Essay Example for Free

6 Main Characteristics Of Communication Essay (1) Two or More Persons: The first important characteristic of communication is that there must be a minimum number of two persons because no single individual can have an exchange of ideas with himself. A listener is necessary to receive one’s ideas. Therefore, there must be at least two persons-the sender of information and the receiver. (2) Exchange of Ideas: Communication cannot be thought of in the absence of exchange of ideas. In order to complete the process of communication there must be an exchange of ideas, orders, feelings, etc. , among two or more than two persons. (3) Mutual Understanding: Mutual understanding means that the receiver should receive the information in the same spirit with which it is being given. In the process of communication, it is more important to understand the information rather than carry it out. See more: The stages of consumer buying decision process essay (4) Direct and Indirect Communication: It is not necessary in communication that the receiver and giver of information should be face-to-face with each other. Communication can be both direct and indirect. Direct communication means face-to-face conversation, while indirect communication is through other means. (5) Continuous Process: Communication is an endless process, as is the case with business where the manager continuously assigns work to his subordinates, tries to know the progress of the work and gives directions. (6) Use of Words as well as Symbols: There can be many means of communication, like the written, the oral and symbolic. The examples of symbolic communication are the ringing of bell for closing a school or a college, saying something by the movement of the neck,  showing anger or disapproval through eyes, giving some decision by the raising of a finger in cricket, etc.

The Structure And Properties Of Surfactants

The Structure And Properties Of Surfactants Surfactants are compounds that lower the surface tension of a liquid, allowing easier spreading, and lowering of the interfacial tension between two liquids, or between a liquid and a solid. Surfactants may act as: Detergents Wetting agents Emulsifiers Foaming agents Dispersants STRUCTURE OF SURFACTANT Figure 1Surfactant molecule possess a dualistic character.This arises from the combination of a hydrophobic (water-rejecting) and a hydrophilic (water-preferring) group in one molecule.In a classical surfactant,the hydrophobic part usually consists of one or more hydrocarbon chains sometimes with various degrees of unsaturation and branching.However,the apolar part may also be partly or completely fluorinated or may be composed of a siloxane chain.The size and length of the hydrocarbon may vary considerably,but it must consists of atleast 8 carbon atoms.For the hydrophilic part(usually called the headgroup),there is a wide range of possible structures(Table1.1).The hydrophilic part can either be ionic or dipolar depending on whether the headgroup has a net charge or not. [1] PROPERTIES OF SURFACTANTS They enable the cleaning solution to fully wet the surface being cleaned so that dirt can be readily loosened and removed. They clean greasy, oily, particulate-, protein-, and carbohydrate-based stains. They are instrumental in removing dirt and in keeping them emulsified, suspended, and dispersed so they dont settle back onto the surface being cleaned. Surfactants are one of the major components of cleaning products and can be regarded as the workhorses: they do the basic work of breaking up stains and keeping the dirt in the water solution to prevent re-deposition of the dirt onto the surface from which it has just been removed. Surfactants disperse dirt that normally does not dissolve in water. As anyone who uses oil based dressings in the kitchen knows, oil and water do not mix unless shaken vigorously in the bottle. They separate almost immediately afterwards. The same is true when washing your dishes or clothes. With the addition of surfactants, oil, which normally does not dissolve in water, becomes dispersible and can be removed with the wash water. . CLASSIFICATION OF SURFACTANTS It is generally classified in 4 basic types depending upon the nature of the head group: Anionic Non anionic Cationic Amphoteric or zwitter-ionic Anionic Surfactants In solution, the head is negatively charged. This is the most widely used type of surfactant for laundering, dishwashing liquids and shampoos because of its excellent cleaning properties and high sudsing potential. The surfactant is particularly good at keeping the dirt away from fabrics, and removing residues of fabric softener from fabrics. Anionic surfactants are particularly effective at oily soil cleaning and oil/clay soil suspension. Still, they can react in the wash water with the positively charged water hardness ions (calcium and magnesium), which can lead to partial deactivation. The more calcium and magnesium molecules in the water, the more the anionic surfactant system suffers from deactivation. To prevent this, the anionic surfactants need help from other ingredients such as builders (Ca/Mg sequestrants) and more detergent should be dosed in hard water. The most commonly used anionic surfactants are alkyl sulphates, alkyl ethoxylate sulphates and soaps. Non anionic Surfactants These surfactants do not have an electrical charge, which makes them resistant to water hardness deactivation. They are excellent grease removers that are used in laundry products, household cleaners and hand dishwashing liquids. Most laundry detergents contain both non-ionic and anionic surfactants as they complement each others cleaning action. Non-ionic surfactants contribute to making the surfactant system less hardness sensitive. The most commonly used non-ionic surfactants are ethers of fatty alcohols Cationic Surfactants In solution, the head is positively charged. There are 3 different categories of cationics each with their specific application: In fabric softeners and in detergents with built-in fabric softener, cationic surfactants provide softness. Their main use in laundry products is in rinse added fabric softeners, such as esterquats, one of the most widely used cationic surfactants in rinse added fabric softeners. An example of cationic surfactants is the esterquat. In laundry detergents, cationic surfactants (positive charge) improve the packing of anionic surfactant molecules (negative charge) at the stain/water interface. This helps to reduce the dirtl/water interfacial tension in a very efficient way, leading to a more robust dirt removal system. They are especially efficient at removing greasy stains. An example of a cationic surfactant used in this category is the mono alkyl quaternary system. In household and bathroom cleaners, cationic surfactants contribute to the disinfecting/sanitizing properties. Amphoteric Surfactants These surfactants are very mild, making them particularly suited for use in personal care and household cleaning products. They can be anionic (negatively charged), cationic (positively charged) or non-ionic (no charge) in solution, depending on the acidity or pH of the water. They are compatible with all other classes of surfactants and are soluble and effective in the presence of high concentrations of electrolytes, acids and alkalis. These surfactants may contain two charged groups of different sign. Whereas the positive charge is almost always ammonium, the source of the negative charge may vary (carboxylate, sulphate, sulphonate). These surfactants have excellent dermatological properties. They are frequently used in shampoos and other cosmetic products, and also in hand dishwashing liquids because of their high foaming properties. An example of an amphoteric/zwitterionic surfactant is alkyl betaine. Figure 2 Figure 3 SURFACE TENSION Water has many unusual properties as a result of its ability to hydrogen bond. For example, the density of ice is less than that of the liquid and the predicted boiling point is almost 200 degrees C higher than it would be without hydrogen bonding. The water molecules at the surface of water are surrounded partially by air and partially by water. These surface molecules would be much more stable if they could be in the interior of the liquid where all their hydrogen bonds could be fulfilled (cohesion). Therefore, water normally tends to have the smallest surface possible, i.e. it has a high surface tension, in order to achieve the lowest possible energetic state. If a solid material more dense than water is placed on the surface of water, what happens next depends on the nature of the material. If the material is hydrophilic (water loving) it has a surface to which water is attracted. The adhesion of water to the surface of this material coats the surface of the object with water, reduces the surface tension, and causes the object to sink. If the solid object is hydrophobic (water fearing),the unfavorable interactions between the water surface and the object make it difficult to wet the surface. Two forces now come into play the energy it would take to overcome this repulsion and the force of gravity. If the force of gravity is strong enough, it will prevail and the object will sink (assuming that the object has a density greater than water). If the gravitational force is less than the surface tension then the object will float on the surface of the water. Surface tension is what permits water striders and other insects to walk across the surface of water and what enables a needle to float. Of course, the critical feature here is the amount of force per unit area put a needle into water end-on instead sideways and the needle will immediately sink. SURFACTANT FUNCTION Surfactants are also referred to as wetting agents and foamers. Surfactants lower the surface tension of the medium in which it is dissolved. By lowering this interfacial tension between two media or interfaces (e.g. air/water, water/stain, stain/fabric) the surfactant plays a key role in the removal and suspension of dirt. The lower surface tension of the water makes it easier to lift dirt and grease off of dirty dishes, clothes and other surfaces, and help to keep them suspended in the dirty water. The water-loving or hydrophilic head remains in the water and it pulls the stains towards the water, away from the fabric. The surfactant molecules surround the stain particles, break them up and force them away from the surface of the fabric. They then suspend the stain particles in the wash water to remove them. Surfactants can work in three different ways: roll-up, emulsification, and solubilization. Roll-up mechanism The surfactant lowers the oil/solution and fabric/solution interfacial tensions and in this way lifts the stain of the fabric. Figure 3 Emulsification The surfactant lowers the oil-solution interfacial tension and makes easy emulsification of the oily soils possible. Figure 4 Solubilization Through interaction with the micelles of a surfactant in a solvent (water), a substance spontaneously dissolves to form a stable and clear solution How can surfactants prevent dirt from being re-deposited? Surfactants have a vital role to play in preventing the re-deposition of soils like greasy, oily stains and particulate dirt on the surface or fabric from which they have just been removed. This works by electrostatic interactions and steric hindrance. Electrostatic interactions Anionic surfactants are adsorbed on both the surface of the dirt which is dispersed in the detergent solution, and the fabric surface. This creates a negative charge on both surfaces, causing electrostatic repulsions. This repulsion prevents the soil from re-depositing on the fabric. In the presence of hardness, however, this mechanism acts like a bridge between the suspended soil and the fabric. This is another reason why hardness sequestrants (a chemical that promotes Ca/Mg sequestration) are often used in detergents. Steric hindrance: Non-ionic surfactants like alcohol ethoxylates also adsorb on the dirt. Their long ethoxylated chains extend in the water phase and prevent the dirt droplets or particles from uniting and from depositing onto the fabric surface.Dirt is present in solution. The non-ionic surfactants adsorb to the dirt particles.Their long hydrophilic heads extend in the water phase and as a result prevent the dirt particles/droplets from uniting and from re-depositing onto fabrics. [2] SURFACTANT USES There are many uses of surfactant in different industries and different fields. Some of them are discussed below: Use of Surfactant in Detergents Surfactants are literally Surface Acting Agents. They are called this because they act to reduce the surface tension of a liquid, especially water. They are large molecules with two distinct parts. First there is a head which is hydrophilic. This means that it is attracted to water and soluble in water, usually because it has a positive or negative charge. The other part of the surfactant is the tail which is hydrophobic, meaning it is repelled by water. The tail is also lipophilic which means that it is soluble in organic solvents particularly oils and fats or lipids. It is this mixed structure which gives a surfactant its properties. When added to water the surface tension of water is reduced. The surface tension of water is caused by the hydrogen bonds which form between the slight charges on different parts of the water molecule (for further information see the water article). Surfactants break up these hydrogen bonds by remaining at the surface, their heads dissolved in the water but their tails extending out of the water, repelled by it. When the surfactant concentration increases sufficiently, micelles are formed. These are spheres of surfactant with all the heads on the outside protecting all the tails within.[3] Use of Surfactant in Cosmetics Shampoos and soaps clean by the use of surfactants (surface active agents). Surfactant molecules have both fat soluble (lipophilic) and water-soluble (hydrophylic) parts. The lipophilic part of the molecule sticks to oil and dirt, and the hydrophilic part allows water to then carry away the otherwise water-insoluble grime. Washing-up detergents work in the same way, although it isnt generally advisable to wash your hair with dishwashing liquid they are formulated to remove thick grease from plates, not to gently clean your hair! [4] Use of Surfactants to remove solvent-based inks from plastic films There is substantial economic and environmental incentive to remove the ink (deink) from heavily printed plastic films so that the plastic can be reused to produce clear films. In this study, polyethylene films printed with solvent-based ink were deinked using surfactants under a variety of conditions. Water without surfactant does not deink the solvent-based ink from plastic films over a pH range of 3 to 12. In common with earlier studies of water-based inks, it is found that solutions of cationic surfactants are the most effective for deinking of solvent-based ink but a pH of at least 11 is required. Presoaking of plastic film in aqueous solution of cationic surfactant increases the level of deinking. Limited studies performed with a pilot-size paper deinking apparatus on solvent-based ink removal indicates that the deinking of plastic film using surfactant solutions is technically feasible. [5] Pulmonary Surfactants and Therapeutic uses, including Pulmonary Lavage The present invention discloses useful surfactant molecules including polypeptides, proteins, and a variety of other organic molecules, as well as methods of making and using same. Surfactant compositions, including liposomal surfactant compositions, are also disclosed. Use of the surfactant molecules of the present invention in pulmonary lavage procedures for a variety of therapeutic applications is also disclosed, including the treatment of respiratory distress syndrome; the removal of inflammatory exudate from inflamed lung tissues; and the treament of meconium aspiration syndrome in infants. [6] Adsorption of non-petroleum base Surfactant on reservoir rock SURFACTANT molecules adsorb well to solid interfaces such as the porous media found in petroleum reservoirs.The adsorbed surfactant layer represents both an additional resistance to flow as well as loss of surfactant properties and is therefore, of fundamental importance in the enhanced oil recovery (EOR) process that involves the flow of surfactant solution through porous media.According to Austad and Milter1, chemical flooding of oil reservoirs is one of the most successful methods to enhance oil recovery from depleted reservoirs at low pressure. [7] Use of Surfactant in Neonates Surfactant replacement therapy has become an established treatment for neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). This article reviews the current evidence for the various practices regarding the use of surfactant in this condition, looking at surfactant type, timing of the first dose, size and frequency of the dose and the need for further doses. As the use of surfactant is expanding into other lung diseases in adults as well as children, we also review those neonatal conditions where surfactant may be of benefit and summarize the evidence published to date supporting its use in these conditions. [8] Surfactant as Antifog Many of the cheaper anti-fogs are made of surfactants like glycerin (soap) and water or alcohol combinations. That works for a very short period. Better anti-fogs usually contain advanced silicones but suffer from poor spreading. You have to rub them in and wipe off excess. [9] Surfactant as Fabric Softner Fabric softeners have long been used to soften fabric and prevent static cling. Available in dryer sheets or liquid form, fabric softeners are made up of surfactants or surface acting agents. It is these chemicals that create a softer, fluffier feel to your laundry. Surfactants contain chemicals with lubricating properties. These chemicals coat fabrics with a waxy film that lubricates them, causing them to feel smoother or fluffier. Its suggested that these lubricating chemicals also make ironing easier and reduce drying time and wrinkling. The lubricating properties of surfactants are a result of positive charges affecting negative charges. Surfactants are generally acidic and made up of positively charged particles. These positively charged particles attract the negatively charged particles within scratchy fabric. The negative charge is neutralized, creating a lower frictional resistance. Thus, there is less static cling and the fabric feels softer and less scratchy to touch. [10] Surfactant in Ski Waxes Once the ski is in motion, you are applying pressure and exerting friction, melting the snow, and creating a fine layer of water between your ski base and the snow. Control and maneuverability in skiing is derived from altering the structure of this water. Hertel wax systems perform a special process using an encapsulation process; tiny bits of surface-active agents formulated into the waxes interact with water, decreasing surface tension and friction, plus increasing control. The wax breaks up the water (snow) resulting in easier running, better control, added safety, and more fun. When commanded to turn, skis slide with ease. [11] Effect of oil soluble Surfactant in emulsions stabilised by clay particles Although surfactants and particles are often mixed together in emulsions, the contribution of each species to the stabilisation of the oil-water interface is poorly understood. We report the results of investigations into the formation of emulsions from solutions of surfactant in oil and aqueous suspensions of laponite. Depending on the salt concentration in the aqueous suspensions, the laponite dispersed as individual disc-shaped particles, 30 nm in diameter, or flocculated into aggregates tens of micrometres in diameter. At the concentrations studied, the flocculated particles alone stabilized oil-in-water emulsions. Synergistic interactions between the particles and octadecylamine at the oil-water interface reduced the average emulsion drop size, while antagonistic interactions with octadecanoic acid enhanced coalescence processes in the emulsions. The state of particle dispersion had dramatic effects on the emulsions formed. Measurements of the oil-water interfacial tension revea led the origins of the interactions between the surfactants and particles. [12] Surfactant in process for deinking of recycled paper A process for deinking recycled paper using a pressurized deinking module to separate ink from paper pulp stock. The addition of salts of imidazolinium based compounds with alkyl, alkenyl and amidoethyl side chains to the pulp slurry at the beginning of the pressurized deinking module cycle removes ink more effectively and results in a brighter recycled paper and an increase in yield of final paper stock. [13] Surfactant in Spermicides (NONOCYNOL-9) The most common active ingredient of spermicides is Nonoxynol 9. Spermicides containing Nonoxynol-9 are available in many forms, such as jelly (gel), films, and foams. Nonoxynol-9, sometimes abbreviated as N-9, is an organic compound that is used as a surfactant. It is a member of the nonoxynol family of nonionic surfactants. N-9 and related compounds are ingredients in various cleaning and cosmetic products. Its use is controversial because it may cause genital lesions. Nonoxynol-9s ability to kill microbes in vitro was initially taken as evidence that it might be effective at preventing STD transmission. However, more recent findings indicate that it may actually increase a persons risk of contracting STDs, especially if used frequently. This is because the chemical causes tiny abrasions inside the sensitive vaginal and anal walls. [14] Surfactant in Ferro Fluid:Magnetic Liquid Technology A ferrofluid is a stable colloidal suspension of sub-domain magnetic particles in a liquid carrier. The particles, which have an average size of about 100Ã… (10 nm), are coated with a stabilizing dispersing agent (surfactant) which prevents particle agglomeration even when a strong magnetic field gradient is applied to the ferrofluid. The surfactant must be matched to the carrier type and must overcome the attractive van der Waals and magnetic forces between the particles. The colloid and thermal stabilities, crucial to many applications, are greatly influenced by the choice of the surfactant. A typical ferrofluid may contain by volume 5% magnetic solid, 10% surfactant and 85% carrier. [15] Surfactant as Alkali Surfactant Polymers In the Alkaline Surfactant Polymer (ASP) process, a very low concentration of the surfactant is used to achieve ultra low interfacial tension between the trapped oil and the injection fluid/formation water. The ultra low interfacial tension also allows the alkali present in the injection fluid to penetrate deeply into the formation and contact the trapped oil globules. The alkali then reacts with the acidic components in the crude oil to form additional surfactant in-situ, thus, continuously providing ultra low interfacial tension and freeing the trapped oil. In the ASP Process, polymer is used to increase the viscosity of the injection fluid, to minimize channeling, and provide mobility control. Oil Chem Technologiess patented ORS and ORS-HF series surfactants are specifically formulated for each field to optimize the oil recovery. Crude oil characteristics, brine characteristics, bottom hole temperature, alkali, well history, and treatment design are considered to maximize the treatment results. [16] Other applications of surfactants are: In biochemistry, the practical as well as theoretical importance of surfactants may be illustrated with the following examples: Surfactants have allowed the investigation of molecular properties of membrane proteins and lipoproteins, acting as solubilizing agents and as probes for hydrophobic binding sites. The properties of surfactants, as well as further facts relevant to the particular experiments, must be carefully considered. Surfactants have successfully contributed to the purification of receptors in their active forms, such as the neuropeptide receptors and opiate receptors. All holoreceptor- complex and reaction- center isolations require the use of a surfactant in order to separate the integral protein systems from the rest of the membrane. Surfactants have been used in the investigation of the denaturation of bacteriorhodopsin and in thermal stability experiments of rhodopsin. The operations of exchange and removal of surfactants bound to membrane proteins are crucial and have been successfully applied to a wide variety of these proteins. The effects of surfactants on the function of membrane-bound enzymes such as cytochrome P-450 and (Na+ + K+)-ATPase have also been determined. Integral membrane proteins can be separated from hydrophilic proteins and identified as such in crude surfactant extracts of membrane or cells . Methods for the solubilization of low-density lipoproteins have advanced the understanding of the assembly, interconversion and molecular exchange processes with plasma lipoproteins. In electrophoresis, various techniques require the use of surfactants. The popular techniques of SDS-PAGE for the identification and subunit molecular weight estimation of proteins is based on a specific type of surfactant-protein interaction. 2D-PAGE uses SDS in one direction and Triton X-100 in the other. This technique has been used to identify proteins containing long hydrophobic regions and relies on the different binding ability of non-ionic surfactants to water-soluble and intrinsic membrane proteins. Isoelectric focusing, native electrophoresis and blotting are other electrophoretic techniques which may need surfactants for the solubilization or transfer of membrane proteins. In high performance liquid chromatography, common techniques such as ion-exchange HPLC, reversed-phase HPLC and sizeexclusion-HPLC may require surfactants to solubilize membrane proteins. Ionpair HPLC requires surfactants as reagents in order to achieve the separation conditions (ionpairing). Affinity surfactants have been used as reversibly bound ligands in high performance affinity chromatography. Crystallization of membrane proteins was achieved using short chain surfactants, which are believed to shield the hydrophobic intermembrane part of the molecule. Thus the polar interactions betvveen individual molecules come into play, providing the stabilizing force in crystallization. Surfactants are also employed to promote the dissociation of proteins from nucleic acids on extraction from biological material. Further applications of surfactants in biochemistry are the solubilization of enzymes in apolar solvents via reversed micelles and the isolation of hydrophobic proteins. [17] CAPTION TO FIGURES: Figure 1-http://www.scienceinthebox.com/en_UK/glossary/popup-roll-up-mechanism.html Figure 2-http://www.scienceinthebox.com/en_UK/glossary/popup-emulsification.html Figure 3-http://www.caes.uga.edu/applications/publications/files/html/B1319/images/Figure%202.jpg BOOK REFERREDFigure 4-http://www.inkline.gr/inkjet/newtech/tech/dispersion/surfactants.gif APPLIED SURFACTANTS:PRINCIPLES AND APPLICATIONS -BY THARWAT F. TADROS WILEY-WCH PUBLICATION

My Agony is More Noble Than Your Pain :: Essays Papers

My Agony is More Noble Than Your Pain In a world where an infallibly righteous God oversees justice, the source of all human suffering is known and understood. While this may not make the pain of the punishment He assigns any less agonizing, it at least lends it clarity. When Job loses his family and his fortune, he immediately knows with whom to take up his case. However, in a world where the gods do not determine all human actions and exert their influence arbitrarily, one’s misfortune is wholly one’s own to bear, no matter how undeserved it may be. Sophocles emphasizes this human aspect of injustice in Electra and Philoctetes, placing both main characters in a position of undeserved suffering caused largely by human actions. Electra and Philoctetes are in a situation comparable to Job—they were wronged by powers mightier than themselves and bringing those powers to justice is an arduous or downright impossible task. Both characters must decide whether to cling to their suffering because it is just , at the expense of their humanity or their lives, or to relinquish it in order to rejoin society either literally, in Philoctetes’s case, or metaphorically in Electra’s. Where Job could not feasibly punish God, and was therefore left with only the choice between abandoning or maintaining his faith in the face of injustice, the world of arbitrary and human injustice opens a new avenue to end suffering: revenge. Electra immediately seizes on this as her only hope of salvation and sets the machinery to accomplish it in motion by sending Orestes off with Pedagogus after her father’s murder. However, this shifts her control of the revenge out of her hands and, while her communication with Orestes keeps the prospect close enough to obsess her, it also renders her entirely passive to his will. The chorus repeatedly rebukes her for her self-inflicted misery, claiming that nothing will assuage it once it has been too deeply entrenched. They say, â€Å"If past the bounds of sense you dwell in grief that is cureless, with sorrow unending, you will only destroy yourself, in a matter where evil knows no deliverance†¦Why do you seek it?† (Electr a, 140-145). Electra does not refute the truth of their speech, focusing instead on her admiration of those who cling to suffering. In contrast, whatever desire for vengeance Philoctetes has towards those who wronged him, he can only direct it through curses and appeals to the gods because he has no reasonable hope of punishing Odysseus and the Atridae himself. My Agony is More Noble Than Your Pain :: Essays Papers My Agony is More Noble Than Your Pain In a world where an infallibly righteous God oversees justice, the source of all human suffering is known and understood. While this may not make the pain of the punishment He assigns any less agonizing, it at least lends it clarity. When Job loses his family and his fortune, he immediately knows with whom to take up his case. However, in a world where the gods do not determine all human actions and exert their influence arbitrarily, one’s misfortune is wholly one’s own to bear, no matter how undeserved it may be. Sophocles emphasizes this human aspect of injustice in Electra and Philoctetes, placing both main characters in a position of undeserved suffering caused largely by human actions. Electra and Philoctetes are in a situation comparable to Job—they were wronged by powers mightier than themselves and bringing those powers to justice is an arduous or downright impossible task. Both characters must decide whether to cling to their suffering because it is just , at the expense of their humanity or their lives, or to relinquish it in order to rejoin society either literally, in Philoctetes’s case, or metaphorically in Electra’s. Where Job could not feasibly punish God, and was therefore left with only the choice between abandoning or maintaining his faith in the face of injustice, the world of arbitrary and human injustice opens a new avenue to end suffering: revenge. Electra immediately seizes on this as her only hope of salvation and sets the machinery to accomplish it in motion by sending Orestes off with Pedagogus after her father’s murder. However, this shifts her control of the revenge out of her hands and, while her communication with Orestes keeps the prospect close enough to obsess her, it also renders her entirely passive to his will. The chorus repeatedly rebukes her for her self-inflicted misery, claiming that nothing will assuage it once it has been too deeply entrenched. They say, â€Å"If past the bounds of sense you dwell in grief that is cureless, with sorrow unending, you will only destroy yourself, in a matter where evil knows no deliverance†¦Why do you seek it?† (Electr a, 140-145). Electra does not refute the truth of their speech, focusing instead on her admiration of those who cling to suffering. In contrast, whatever desire for vengeance Philoctetes has towards those who wronged him, he can only direct it through curses and appeals to the gods because he has no reasonable hope of punishing Odysseus and the Atridae himself.

Critical Analysis on The Scream by Edvard Munch Essay example -- a cri

Critical Analysis on The Scream by Edvard Munch Edvard Munch was born on December 12 1863 in Loten Norway. He moved to Christiana, and spent most of his childhood there. Both his mother and his oldest sister suffered from tuberculosis and died before he reached the age of 14. At 18 he became more serious about his art and started attending art school. Edvard finally found a release for the pain he felt from his sister’s death. In 1886 he painted â€Å"The Sick Child†. The painting was so emotionally charged that it received a lot of criticism from the press and the public. However some of his artist colleagues began to recognize his talent. The same year another tragedy struck. His father died in November. Edvard received some scholarships that allowed him to spend the next few years in Paris. Although he would return to Norway during the summer, his style was that of a French Impressionist. In 1892 Munch submitted a series of paintings into a major Berlin art show. His exhibit was titled â€Å"The Frieze of Life†. This show caused an even larger uproar than his previous work. Edvard became a celebrity overnight and he painted such paintings as â€Å"the sick child† â€Å"the scream† and â€Å"vampire†, which showed his true emotion feelings. Edvard Munch had been through a lot of trauma, hurt and heartbreak in his life and his art work and painting helped him to expressive his feelings. I am going to be analysing and studing the Painting â€Å"The Scream†. Edvard Munch was an Impressionist painter. Expressionism is movement in the arts during the early part of the 20th century that emphasized subjective expression of the artist's inner experiences. This may ... ...e of the loneliest, scariest, and the most amazing place were we can escape to, and were no one else can know what you are thinking. I have seen how to symbolise certain things by colours and shapes and how to give a certain impression and mood. I can see how amazing dreams and nightmares are because they are not in this world, but they are only true portraits our ourselves and our lives so anything is possible and even our darkest and saddest feelings that we bury away inside us can show and come to life in our dreams. I have learnt to make a straightforward piece of art turn into an emotional and deep feeling that every person has different views and feeling about depending on their own lives. I can now see how this piece of artwork is truly individual, remarkable and unique as it shows that emotions of a broken man.

Michèle Roberts’s The Looking Glass Essay -- Michele Roberts Looking G

Michà ¨le Roberts’s The Looking Glass The understanding of history as a linear and unproblematic narrative, dominated by kings and queens, warriors and heroes, has long been denied by women writers. As Linda Anderson argues, these events ‘take on a different meaning, a different configuration when we begin to see through them – in both senses – to women’s concealed existence in the private sphere of family and home’ (Anderson, p.130). Women have little place in traditional linear history and have come to deny its authority and question its dominance. Frieda Johles Forman, in her introduction to a 1989 collection of essays on women’s temporality, argues that women suffer from a lack of history, an unrecorded past, and that this ‘absence strikes at odd, unsuspecting moments’ (Forman, p.8). But this absence of history is changing, as women begin to write their own stories and their own conceptions of the past. Women’s time and the political implications for femini sm of feminist historiography have spawned a wealth of writing in recent years. Even in the academic world of history, reliance upon major events as the narrative of history has been undermined by the possibility of a narrative of everyday lives, of everyday events and occurrences.1 However, this re-recording and re-making of history is fraught with danger, as Anderson warns: The ‘reclaiming of history’, the discovery of how our foremothers preceded and even anticipated us, can help to assure us that, despite the evidence, we do in fact exist in the world; yet if we ignore how that existence is textually mediated we end up simply reconstituting ‘reality’ as it is. (p.134) Anderson argues that, despite the development of a critique of history’s claim to objectivity a... ... and Sowton, Caoran, eds., Taking Our Time: Feminist Perspectives on Temporality (Oxford: Pergamon, 1989) Heath, Stephen, Flaubert: Madame Bovary (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992) Irigaray, Luce, Sexes and Genealogies, trans. Gill, Gillian C. (New York: Cornell University Press, 1993) Michaud, Guy, Mallarmà ©, trans. Collins, Marie and Humez, Bertha (London: Peter Owen, 1966) Millan, Gordon, Mallarmà ©: A Throw of the Dice (London: Secker and Warburg, 1994) Oliver, Hermia, Flaubert and an English Governess (Oxford: Clarendon, 1980) Pearson, Roger, Unfolding Mallarmà ©: The Development of a Poetic Art (Oxford: Clarendon, 1996) Roberts, Michà ¨le, The Looking Glass (London: Little Brown, 2000) Spencer, Philip, Flaubert: A Biography (London: Faber and Faber, 1951) Steegmuller, Francis, Flaubert and Madame Bovary (London: Constable, 1993.

Data Collection Plan Essay

Abstract Postoperative Pulmonary complications (PPC) such as atelectasis, impaired gas exchange, pneumonia and acute respiratory failure (ARF) are not uncommon in patients undergoing major surgery and are a leading cause of increased patient morbidity, mortality and increased length of hospital stay (Yoder, Sharma, Hollingsworth, Talavera, & Rice, 2013). Healthcare professionals are now expected to give patients verifiably effective treatments by implementing current evidence based practice (EBP). In order to do so, interventions to prevent PPCs must be investigated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of adding incentive spirometry (IS) to traditional postoperative chest physiotherapy (CPT) and respiratory care. Eighty patients between 30 and 50 year old who had undergone surgery participated in the study. Patients were divided into two groups: the intervention group where IS was used in addition to the traditional CPT, and the control group which included only traditiona l CPT. The results obtained in the investigation indicated that there were significant differences between both groups at the end of the study in terms of PPCs and hospital length of stay (LOS). Conclusion: Addition of IS to postoperative care helped in controlling PPCs. Keywords: postoperative pulmonary complication, incentive spirometer, chest physiotherapy, length of Stay Research Question In postsurgical patients, how does using incentive spirometer, compared to not using incentive spirometer, affect incidence of PPCs and hospital LOS? Hypothesis Because the risk for developing PPCs is not well studied specific numbers of occurrences are difficult to predict. However, it was hypothesized that patients who incorporated IS as part of their postoperative care would have a clinically significant decrease in the occurrence of PPCs and hospital LOS compared to those who did not incorporate IS into their postoperative care. Data Collection A quasi-experimental control trial was conducted from February 1, 2014 to May 31, 2014. The lead researcher, Adrienne Hinson, collected the data personally. During the four month study, eighty patients ranging in age from 30 to 50 years old who were undergoing surgery where the abdomen or chest was opened were selected randomly from the General Surgery Department at McLeod Regional Medical Center in Florence, SC. On sampling days, patients meeting the criteria were numbered chronologically based on their surgery time. For eighty consecutive business days, one of the patients was chosen randomly using a random numbers table created on Microsoft Excel. Patients who had recently been diagnosed with or treated for acute pulmonary complications, those who could not be instructed or supervised to assure appropriate use of the IS, and patients whose cooperation or comprehension was lacking were excluded from the study. All appropriate procedures were used to safeguard the rights of study participants. The study was externally reviewed by the hospital’s institutional review board before data collection began. Patients received verbal and written explanations of the study purpose and data collection procedures and after indicating willingness to participate in the study, voluntary informed consent was obtained (See Appendix A). Information included within the informed consent included participant status; participants were told which postoperative activities were routine, and which activities were being evaluated. Participants were informed that the data collected about them would be used for research purposes. The overall goals of the research, to evaluate to addition of IS to postoperative care, was described to patients. Participants were informed about which types of data would be collected, what procedures they would undergo, and how they were selected. The time frame of the commitment was defined as beginning on post-op day one and lasting until their follow up  visit after discharge. Information regarding funding was available to participants. All participants were educated on potential risks and benefits of participation. Finally, patients were assured that their privacy would be protected at all times and that they would be allowed to withdraw from the study at any point during their hospital stay (Polit & Beck, 2012). The patients were deliberately placed into one of two experimental groups. Deliberate placement reduces confounding by ensuring the two groups were comparable when age, sex, smoking history, type of surgery and post-operative analgesia were compared. The control group consisted of 40 patients who underwent routine chest physiotherapy (CPT) postoperatively, as recommended by the Clinical Practice Guidelines set forth by The Agency for Healthcare Research Quality (2011). A physiotherapist supervised and assisted the treatment twice a day in the first two postoperative days and once a day from the third to the tenth days. During any session, the patients performed three to five deep breaths interspersed with periods of quiet breathing followed by two or three coughs or huffs with support from a pillow at least 10 times over a 15 minutes period. Additional techniques such as positioning and chest wall percussion were applied if breathing and coughing exercises alone were not effective in clearing excessive or retained pulmonary secretions. Patients were instructed to perform coughing and deep breathing exercises independently every hour while awake. The treatment group consisted of the remaining 40 patients who also followed the same Clinical Practice Guidelines but also received breathing exercise training with IS (Voldyne Volumetric manufactured by Sherwood Medical Company U.S.A.) In addition to the routine chest physiotherapy up to the tenth postoperative day. Application of breathing training with incentive spirometry was applied for five minutes, five times a day (El-Marakby et al., 2013). Monitoring began immediately postoperatively and continued until discharge. Hospital LOS was documented for each patient, along with whether or not the patient developed a PPC within 10 days of surgery. The researcher rounded on each hospitalized patient daily to ensure compliance and to update discharges and PPC diagnoses. In order to determine LOS, participant observation was used as a tool to collect data. LOS was calculated by subtracting day of admission from day of discharge. Date of admission was the date of surgery for all participants. Date of discharge was determined  by the surgical teams, who were blinded to the study and therefore measures are not likely to be influenced by reactivity (Polit & Beck, 2012). PPCs were defined as any pulmonary abnormality that produced identifiable disease or dysfunction, was clinically significant, and adversely affected the postoperative clinical course (Hayden, Mayer, & Stoller, 1995). Patients were monitored daily for 10 days for the diagnosis of a PPC. Given this definition, PPCs documented included atelectasis, pneumonia, acute respiratory failure, and exacerbation of COPD. Along with physical assessment and past history, biophysiological measures were used as data collection tools to aid in the diagnosis of PPCs (See Appendix C). Equipment and lab analysis were readily available and tests for biophysiological measures were completed by the appropriate staff at McLeod Regional Medical Center. Ordering tests and the interpretation of results was fulfilled solely by the healthcare providers as deemed necessary. The researchers were not responsible for diagnosing PPCs, but rather the observation and recording of data. Biophysiological measures for diagnosing acute respiratory failure include a low level of oxygen; a pulse oximetry falling below 80% saturation on room air or when arterial blood gas shows PaO2.

Consumer Buying Behaviour Towards Branded Milk Essay

Common application form for income schemes UTI – Bond Fund UTI – Floating Rate Fund STP (An open ended pure debt fund) The product is suitable for investors who are seeking*: l Regular returns for long-term l Investment predominantly in medium to long term debt as well as money market instruments l Low risk (Blue) (An open-ended Income Scheme) The product is suitable for investors who are seeking*: l Regular income over short-term l UTI – Credit Opportunities Fund Investment in floating rate debt / money market instruments, fixed rate debt / money market instruments swapped for floatingratereturn Low risk (Blue) (An open-ended Income scheme) The product is suitable for investors who are seeking*: l Reasonable income and capital appreciation over long-term l Investment in debt and money market instruments across different maturities & credit rating l Low risk (Blue) UTI – Gilt Advantage Fund LTP (An open-ended Gilt Scheme) The product is suitable for investors who are seeking*: l Long-term credit risk free return l UTI – Dynamic Bond Fund (An open ended income scheme) The product is suitable for investors who are seeking*: l Optimal returns with adequate liquidity over medium-term l Investment in debt/ money market instruments l Low risk (Blue) Investment in sovereign securities issued by the Central Government and/ or a State Government and / or any security unconditionally guaranteed by the Central Government and / or a State Government Low risk (Blue) UTI – G-SEC STP UTI – Fixed Maturity Plan (An close-ended Umbrella Income Scheme comprising of several Investment Plans) The product is suitable for investors who are seeking*: l Regular income for short term l Investment in Debt/Money Market Instrument/ Govt. Securities l Low risk (Blue) 1 (An open-ended dedicated gilt fund) The product is suitable for investors who are seeking*: l Short term credit risk free return . l Investment in Central Government Securities, Treasury Bills, Call Money and Repo Low risk (Blue) Please read overleaf July 1, 2013 UTI – Liquid Cash Plan (An open-ended income scheme) The product is suitable for investors who are seeking*: l Steady and reasonable income over shortterm with capital preservation. l Investment in money market securities & high quality debt l Low risk (Blue) UTI – Monthly Income Scheme (An open-ended debt oriented scheme) The product is suitable for investors who are seeking*: l Regular income over medium-term l Investment in equity instruments (maximum-15%) and fixed income securities (debt and money market securities) l Medium risk (Yellow) UTI – Mahila Unit scheme (An open-ended debt oriented scheme) This product is suitable for investors who are seeking*: l Reasonable income with moderate capital appreciation over a long-term horizon l Investment in equity instrument (maximum-30%) and debt/ money market instruments l Medium risk (Yellow) UTI – Short Term Income Fund (An open-ended income scheme) The product is suitable for investors who are seeking*: l Steady and reasonable income over short-term l Investment in money market securities/ high quality debt l Low risk (Blue) UTI – MIS-Advantage Plan (An open-ended income scheme) The product is suitable for investors who are seeking*: l Long-term capital appreciation and regular income over medium-term l Investment in equity instruments (maximum-25%) and fixed income securities (debt and money market securities) l Medium risk (Yellow) UTI – Treasury Advantage Fund (An open-ended Income Scheme) The product is suitable for investors who are seeking*: l Capital preservation and liquidity for short-term l Investment in quality debt securities/ money market instruments l Low risk (Blue) UTI – Money Market Fund (An open-ended Money Market Mutual Fund) The product is suitable for investors who are seeking*: l Current income consistent with preservation of capital over short-term l Investment in short-term money market securities l Low risk (Blue) UTI – Unit Scheme for Charitable & Religious Trusts & Registered Societies (UTI-C.R.T.S) (An open-ended income scheme) The product is suitable for investors who are seeking*: l Regular income over long-term l Investment in equity instruments (maximum-30%) and debt/ money market instruments l Medium risk (Yellow) *Investorsshouldconsulttheirfinancialadvisersifindoubtaboutwhethertheproductissuitableforthem. Note: Risk is represented as: (BLUE) Investors understand that their principal will be at low risk (YELLOW) Investors understand that their principal will be at medium risk (BROWN) Investors understand that their principal will be at high risk COMMON APPLICATION FORM FOR INCOME SCHEMES PLEASE FILL IN ALL COLUMNS IN CAPITAL LETTERS ONLY PLEASEUSESEPARATEFORMFOREACHSCHEME Sr.No. 2013/ Registrar Sr. No. (PLEASEREADINSTRUCTIONSCAREFULLYTOHELPUSSERVEYOUBETTER) DISTRIBUTOR INFORMATION (only empanelled Distributors/Brokers will be permitted to distribute Units) (refer instruction ‘h’) ARN NameofFinancialAdvisor SubARNCode SubCode/ Bank Branch Code MOCode EUINo. @ UTI RM No. BDA / CA Code ARN – 11770 E020436 UpfrontcommissionshallbepaiddirectlybytheinvestortotheAMFI/NISMcertifiedUTIMFregisteredDistributorsbasedontheinvestors’assessmentofvariousfactorsincludingtheservicerenderedbythedistributor. @I/We confirm that the EUIN box is intentionally left blank by me/us as this is an â€Å"execution-only† transaction without any interaction or advice by the distributor personnel concerned or notwithstanding the advice of in-appropriateness, if any, provided by such distributor personnel and the distributor has not charged any advisory fees for this transaction. ( PleasetickandsignbelowwhenEUINboxisleftblank)(referinstruction‘v’). Signature of 1st Applicant / Guardian Signature of 2nd Applicant Signature of 3rd Applicant TRANSACTION CHARGES TO BE PAID TO THE DISTRIBUTOR (Please tick any one of the below) (Refer Instruction ‘i’) Existing Unit Holder information IAMAFIRSTTIMEINVESTORINMUTUALFUNDS ` 150willbedeductedastransactionchargesperSubscriptionof `10,000andabove OR Scheme Name: IAMANEXISTINGINVESTORINMUTUALFUNDS `100willbedeductedastransactionchargesperSubscriptionof `10,000andabove Folio Number: APPLICANT’S PERSONAL DETAILS F I R L S A T S M/s. M m I m D y D y L y E y * Denotes Mandatory Fields Name of First Applicant / Other Mentally Handicapped Persons (for UBF / MIS) and Adult Female Persons (For MUS) (as appearing in ID proof given for KYC) Date of Birth Mandatory for minors First Applicant’s Address (Do not repeat the name) Name & Address of resident relative in India(forNRIs)(P.O.BoxNo.isnotsufficient) Village/Flat/Bldg./Plot* Street/Road/Area/Post City/Town* State Pin* *PAN OF 1st APPLICANT (whose particulars are furnished in the form) Enclosed AADHAR CARD NO. Know Your Customer (KYC)* Acknowledgement Copy Please (ïÆ' ¼) PAN Card Copy OVERSEAS ADDRESS (Overseas address is mandatory for NRI / FII applicants in addition to mailing address in India) City* State Country* Zip/Pin* Mr. Ms. Mrs. NAME IN FULL OF THE FATHER (OR) MOTHER/ GUARDIAN (If Minor)$ / Contact Person And Designation – For Institutional Applicants / Alternate Applicant ( incase of UBF / MIS / MUS) Proof of date of birth and proof of relationship with minor to be attached or else sign the declaration on the reverse ( Refer instruction f). OPTION FOR DESPATCH OF STATEMENT OF ACCOUNT Applicant’s address (for NRIs) At my Overseas address as mentioned above / To be despatched to my resident relative’s address in India as given above DETAILS OF OTHER APPLICANTS Name of 2nd Applicant F I R *PAN of 2nd Applicant Name of 3rd Applicant F I R *PAN of 3rd Applicant PAYMENT DETAILS #Cheque/DD/ï  ¶NEFT/ï  ¶RTGS Ref. No. / Unique Serial No. (For Cash) Account No. Date Bank Branch Amt. in words Amt. of investment (i) DD Charges if any (ii) Net amount paid (i-ii) # Please mention the application No. on the reverse of thecheque/DD,NEFT/RTGSadvice.Cheque/DD must be drawn in favour of â€Å"TheNameoftheScheme† & crossed â€Å"A/cPayeeOnly† ï  ¶ Investment amount shall be Rs. 2 lacs and above in case of payments through NEFT / RTGS. BANK PARTICULARS OF 1ST APPLICANT (MandatoryasperSEBIGuidelines) Bank Name Address City Account type (please ïÆ' ¼) Account No. Savings Current Pin* NRO NRE Branch MICR Code (thisisa9-digitnumbernexttoyourchequenumber) IFS Code (this is a 11-digit number) Received from Mr / Ms / M/s An application under alongwithCheque/DDNo.$ /Cash Drawnon(Bank) for `(infigures) $ Cheques and drafts are subject to realisation. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT (TobefilledinbytheApplicant) dated Sr. No. 2013 (scheme name) StampofUTIAMCOffice/ Authorised Collection Centre INVESTMENTDETAILS(Forâ€Å"DIRECT PLAN†Pleasetickhere UTI-BOND FUND UTI-MAHILA UNIT SCHEME UTI-CREDIT OPPORTUNITIES FUND UTI-MONTHLY INCOME SCHEME &tickScheme,Plan/Optiongivenbelow)(Referinstruction‘j’) UTI-CRTS UTI-DYNAMIC BOND FUND Dividend Payout UTI-G-SEC FUND-(STP) Growth DividendReinvestment(Default–GrowthOption) UTI-FIXED MATURITY PLAN Yearly Series (YFMP) HalfYearlySeries(HFMP) Quarterly Series (QFMP) Regular Plan Growth Dividend Payout Dividend Reinvestment (Use separate form for each series) Cheque/DDshouldbedrawninfavourofUTI-FixedMaturityPlan–YFMP(mm/yy)/HFMP(mm/yy)/QFMP(mm/yy-PlanNo.)(Default–GrowthOption) UTI-FLOATING RATE FUND (STP) Regular Plan UTI-GILT ADVANTAGE FUND-LTP UTI-LIQUIDCASHPLAN- Institutional UTI-MIS-ADVANTAGE PLAN UTI-MONEY MARKET FUND Institutional Plan UTI-SHORT TERM INCOME FUND – Institutional Option UTI-TREASURY ADVANTAGE FUND – Institutional Plan Unitholding Option Growth Daily Div. Reinvestment WeeklyDiv.Reinvestment FlexiDividendPayout FlexiDividendReinvestment(Default–GrowthOption) Growth Plan Dividend Plan Payout DividendPlanReinvestment(Default–GrowthPlan) Growth MonthlyReinvestment Growth Plan FlexiDividendPlanPayout Daily Div. Reinvestment WeeklyDiv.Reinvestment Monthly Payout (Default–DailyDiv.Reinvestment) (Default Plan – Growth Plan) Monthly Div. Plan Payout FlexiDividendPlanReinvestment Monthly Div. Plan Reinvestment Monthly Payment Plan Growth Daily Div. Reinvestment WeeklyDiv.Payout WeeklyDiv.Reinvestment(Default–GrowthOption) Growth Sub Option Growth Quarterly Div. Payout Div Payout Sub Option Div. Reinvestment Sub Option (Default–Div.ReinvestmentSubOption) WeeklyDiv.Payout WeeklyDiv.Reinvestment Monthly Div. Payout Monthly Div. Reinvestment Daily Div. Reinvestment Quarterly Div. Reinvestment Annual Div. Payout Annual Div. Reinvestment Bonus Option (Default–DailyDiv.Option) PhysicalMode (AvailableunderallschemeexceptUTI-CRTS,UTI-MUS&UTI-FMP) Demat Mode DEMAT ACCOUNT DETAILS – (Please ensure that the sequence of names as mentioned in the application form matches with that of the account held with any one of the Depository Participant. Demat Account details are compulsory if demat mode is opted above National Depository Name ______________________________________ Securities Depository DP ID No. Limited Beneficiary Account No. Enclosures: Client Master List (CMl) Central Depository Securities Limited Depository Name _______________________________________________________ Target ID No. TransactioncumHoldingStatement Delivery Instruction Slip (DIS) FRIEND IN NEED DETAILS (refer instruction – k) In case UTI MF is unable to communicate with me/us at my / our registered address, I / we authorize UTI MF to correspond with the following person to ascertain my/our updated contact details. Name Address: Relationship with the applicant (optional) Annual Income of First Individual Applicant (Please (ïÆ' ¼) STATUS Company Sole Proprietorship Society Body Corporate Others Email 5Lacs-15Lacs-25Lacs OCCUPATION Business Student Agriculture Self-employed Others GENERAL INFORMATION – Please (ïÆ' ¼)whereverapplicable Resident Individual Minor through guardian HUF Partnership Trust AOP BOI FII NRI MODE OF HOLDING Anyone or survivor Joint Single First holder or Survivor (for UTI MUS) MARITAL STATUS Unmarried Married Wedding D D M M Anniversary Professional Housewife Retired Service NOMINATION DETAILS (Please ïÆ' ¼)(pleasesignifyoudonotwishtonominate) Name and Address of Nominee Name Date of Birth d d m m y (in case of nominee is a minor) Address with pin code I/WeherebynominatetheundermentionedNomineetoreceivetheamountstomy/ourcreditintheeventofmy/ourdeath.I/Wealsounderstandthatallpayments and settlements made to such Nominee and signature of the Nominee acknowledging receipt thereof, shall be a valid discharge by the AMC / Mutual Fund / Trustee. To be furnished in case nominee is a minor Name of the guardian Address of guardian Signature of Nominee / guardian (for minor) Sign. here Investorswhowishtonominatetwoorthreepersonsmayfillintheseparateformprescribedforthesameandattachitwiththisapplicationform. I/Wedonotwishtonominate Signature of 1st Applicant / Guardian Signature of 2nd Applicant Signature of 3rd Applicant DECLARATION AND SIGNATURE OF APPLICANT/s lI/WehavereadandunderstoodthecontentsoftheSchemeInformationDocument,StatementofAdditionalInformationandKeyInformationMemorandum,addendaissuedtilldateandapplytotheTrusteeofUTIMutualFundas indicatedabove.I/Weagreetoabidebythetermsandconditions,rulesandregulationsoftheschemeasonthedateofinvestment.I/Weundertaketoconfirmthatthisinvestmenthasbeendulyauthorisedbyappropriateauthorities in terms of all relevant documents and procedural requirements. lI/Wehavenotreceivednorbeeninducedbyanyrebateorgifts,directlyorindirectlyinmakinginvestments.lI/WeherebyauthorizeUTIMF/UTIAMCtosharemy data furnished in the Form to my distributor and other service providers of the UTI MF for the purpose of servicing, issue of account statement/consolidated statement of account etc and cross selling of